Research Agency is established by the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic (MESRS of the SR). It is a state budgetary organization with legal personality and connected to the state budget by the MESRS of the SR chapter.

After merging the former Operational Programme Research and Innovation (OPVaI) into the Operational Program Integrated Infrastructure (OPII), the Research Agency continues to implement demand-oriented projects, especially in the field of research (former OPVaI projects) under Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic and the managing authority of The Ministry of Transport and Construction.

Effective from 13th of Dec 2019 The Europen Commission decided to approve the merger of the Operational Programme Integrated Infrastructure with the Operational Programme Research and Innovation during period 2014-2020. The wording of the priority axes aimed to support the research, development and innovation and their content focus remain after the merge without any change.

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In the programme period 2014 - 2020 it performs the main task - ensuring the assistance implementation process from the European Structural and Investment Funds. Research Agency had the function of Intermediate Body, i. e. carries out activities within the scope of the tasks delegated by MESRS of the SR as Managing Authority for the Operational Programme Research and Innovation. Objective of the Research Agency is to ensure a continuous process of submission, evaluation, financial management and monitoring of demand-oriented and national projects so that their implementation takes place in accordance with the document Through the knowledge to prosperity - Research and innovation strategy for smart specialization of the Slovak Republic, approved by the Government Resolution no. 665/2013, dated 13 November 2013 (hereinafter referred to as "RIS3"), and that funding for the programme period 2014-2020 have been spent to the extent possible.

Research Agency (originally ASFEU was established as of 1 January 2007) on July 1, 2015 changed its name to Research Agency. In the programme period 2007 - 2013 served as the Intermediate Body under the Managing Authority, i. e. carried out activities within the scope of the tasks delegated by the MESRS of the SR as Managing Authority for the Operational Programmes of Education and Research and Development.